Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is a formalized modeling approach that supports the systems engineering activities to develop and integrate complex interdisciplinary systems. The significant role of MBSE in the development of complex technical systems and innovative capabilities have consistently attracted attention across several industry domains around the world. This transformation behavior allows manufacturers to produce solution-focused users' oriented products, but at the same time, due to lack of experience and process integration, it also creates application challenges for system engineers. The application becomes more complicated and challenging when a variety of MBSE methodologies are available. Therefore, it is difficult for the system engineers to select the appropriate methodology for a particular application. Although a variety of MBSE methodologies are available, some of them will be more efficient for a particular application than others. However, in this thesis, ARCADIA (Architecture, Analysis, and Design Integrated Approach) has been selected as a candidate MBSE methodology, and its potential capabilities and application behavior have been evaluated using Capella, an open-source software tool compliant with ARCADIA’s principals.

Model to model transformation is a critical task in Model Based System Engineering (MBSE). Indeed, there is a growing need to migrate existing models, for instance in UML or SysML, to fit new modeling approaches such as Arcadia/Capella. The reverse is also desirable, as organizations have since long invested time and money in models and tools on top of these standards. In many situations a smooth integration of new tools requires compliancy with the in-place standards.

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Capella [1] is a model-based engineering solution that has been successfully deployed in a wide variety of industrial contexts. Based on a graphical modelling workbench, it provides system architects with rich methodological guidance relying on Arcadia [9], a comprehensive model-based engineering method.

SysML [2] supports complex modeling for system engineering applications at different steps of the system life cycle. SysML provides architects and system engineers an easy way to collaborate using a unique common language. It enables the management of systems with growing complexity across different development teams with many modeling capabilities: requirement, behavioral and structural definitions. Refer to OMG SysML definition [2] for further details on SysML.

To take advantage of the power of the Capella tool, as well as the conformance to the standardized SysML language, this paper depicts a first attempt of Capella to SysML mapping and a prototype of transformation tool as proof-of-concept. This work is part of the Clarity project [3].

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The deployment of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) in space projects is not straightforward. The interactions among stakeholders at various levels happen to be difficult because the tools involved are not fully interoperable. One of the key elements that would facilitate and ensure the exchange of engineering data information, is the definition of a Systems Engineering supporting infrastructure, also called System Factory, that would allow implementing this interoperability. This paper introduces the Operational Analysis, System Need Analysis and Logical Architecture of the System Factory designed following the ARCADIA method [1] and using the Capella tool. This paper is the result of the SASyF activity (“Specification and Architecture of a System Factory”).

 Objectives

• Know the main principles and objectives of the ARCADIA method

• Practice (a part of) the possibilities of the Capella tool

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 Prerequisites

• Bring a Laptop with Capella 1.0.x!

• www.polarsys.org/capella/download.html

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In the last decade, Thales Alenia Space started studying the transition of its own systems engineering methods from standard requirement and document based ones to innovative approaches taking care of concurrent engineering, enhanced collaboration, model based system engineering methods and tools and tool-chains for overall engineering environments. In the field of system architectures analysis and definition, TAS has deployed internally a tooled-up approach, which is being extended to other system and multidisciplinary engineering activities.

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Despite an investment needed to set-up the tooled-up approach, it allows to relate in a same model customer needs and architecture constraints, furthermore ensuring overall document consistency with the design by means of automatic documentation generation from the model, simplifying alignment in case of model update.

Moreover, traceability links between requirements and model facilitate impact analysis for system evolution and maintenance, and will allow modifying the architecture baseline, taking care of previous justifications.

This paper presents an outline of the TAS Model-based engineering method (ARCADIA), of the use of the related tooling, and some examples derived from the application to space projects in the Domain Observation and Navigation Italy and in the Domain Exploration and Science Italy. Observed benefits of this approach, additional needs which have been managed (such as the extension of the approach to cover the geometry of the physical components) are presented in the conclusions.

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Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture host multiple federated avionics applications into a single platform and provides benefits in terms of Size, Weight and Power (SWaP), nonetheless brings a high level of complexity to aircraft control systems. The thesis presents Model-Based System Engineering a novel, structured development methodology to cope efficiently with increased complexity due to IMA. Using ARCADIA methodology and the open source Capella tool, the developed methodology is implemented for a complete design cycle: starting with capturing requirements from the aircraft level to streamlining the development, integration of avionics application in an ARINC 653 platform. The proposed methodology provides effective traceability and management of specification artifacts from aircraft to system to item-level adhering to SAE ARP4754A guideline. Further, the thesis presents the capability of the MBSE framework to effectively address a few technological variants through the proposed methodology. To illustrate the efficiency of the methodology and MBSE approach an Environmental Control System (ECS) case study is presented. The case study focuses on implementing ECS in an IMA architecture using MBSE framework and proposed methodology. However, the derived methodology is also applicable to other systems. Further, the case study also presents a demonstration of integrating Cabin Pressure Control Sub-system (CPCS) into a real-time IMA platform for validation of MBSE approach. In addition, the thesis provides important insights in challenges and advantages of the MBSE process in contrast to the traditional paper-based specification process.

Much more than just yet another modelling tool, Capella [1] is a model-based engineering solution that has been successfully deployed in a wide variety of industrial contexts. Based on a graphical modelling workbench, it provides systems, software and hardware architects with rich methodological guidance relying on ARCADIA, a comprehensive model-based engineering method.

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The ARCADIA/Capella DSML is inspired by UML/SysML and NAF standards, and shares many concepts with these languages. It is the result of an iterative definition process driven by systems and software architects working in a broad spectrum of business domains (transportation, avionics, space, radar, etc.). It enforces an approach structured on successive engineering phases which establishes clear separation between needs (operational need analysis and system need analysis) and solutions (logical and physical architectures), in accordance with the IEEE 1220 standard.

In this paper, we will explain why a lot of industrial companies, such as Airbus, Airbus DS and Areva, are currently interested in using Capella and running modeling pilot projects with it.

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Supporting Efficient Collaboration in engineering

Validating/Justifying solution against operational Need easing Impact analysis

Operational Analysis What the users of the system need to accomplish

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Functional & Non Functional Need What the system has to accomplish for the users

Logical Architecture How the system will work to fullfill expectations

Physical Architecture How the system will be developed and built

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