Forward Defense: Strengthening U.S. Force Posture in Europe

Report by Seth G. Jones, Seamus P. Daniels, Catrina Doxsee, Daniel Fata, and Kathleen McInnis

Published March 11, 2024

The Missile War in Yemen

Report by Ian Williamsand Shaan Shaikh

Published June 9, 2020

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A key aspect of Yemen's civil war has been the extensive use of ballistic missiles, far more than any other conflict in recent history. With the assistance of Iran, Yemen’s Houthi rebels have fired hundreds of ballistic missiles, along with cruise missiles and drones, to strike Arab coalition bases, population centers, and infrastructure. Consequently, the war in Yemen has also featured the most combat uses of modern air and missile defenses of any conflict in history. This ongoing duel between Houthi missiles and coalition defenses has offered a rare glimpse of the utility and limitations of ballistic missiles as a military tool. The conflict has also illustrated the kinds of difficulties that missile defense faces on the modern battlefield, and reinforced lessons about the difficulties of aerial “Scud-hunting” operations and the challenges of preventing the flow of missiles and other weapons from determined proliferators.

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Getting on Track：Space and Airborne Sensors for Hypersonic Missile Defense

The conflict in Ukraine has made it clear that missiles “are foundational to adversaries’ way of war.” Future missile threats, however, increasingly stress existing missile defenses, flying lower, faster, and on unpredictable trajectories. Most importantly, they are difficult to detect—defeating them will require elevated sensors, on aircraft or satellites, to track them at range. As the Department of Defense begins to deploy a space-based sensor constellation, Getting on Track unpacks the design tradeoffs involved and key pitfalls to avoid. Using advanced simulation tools, the authors underscore the necessity of diversifying satellite orbits, designing constellations for early, persistent coverage, and retaining requirements for fire-control-capable sensors.

Seven Critical Technologies for Winning the Next War

APRIL 2023

A REPORT OF THE CSIS INTERNATIONAL SECURITY PROGRAM

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AUTHORS

Emily Harding

Harshana Ghoorhoo

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Rethinking Risk in Great Power Competition

Report by Peter C. Combe II , Benjamin Jensen , and Adrian Bogart

Published February 17, 2023

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Integrated deterrence and active campaigning will create new planning requirements for the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). Great power competition and efforts to achieve a position of advantage short of triggering dangerous military confrontations will push the DOD to explore alternative methods for assessing risk to force and risk to mission.[1]

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A Continent Forged in Crisis: Assessing Europe One Year into the War

Report by Max Bergmann , Ilke Toygür , and Otto Svendsen

Published February 16, 2023

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Nearly a year after Russia invaded Ukraine, Europe remains a continent at war. Historians will likely see 2022 as a pivotal year akin to 1989 and 2001—years that marked the end of an era and the beginning of a new historical phase. Europe’s response to the war has changed the continent.

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Domestic Perspectives on IPEF’s Digital Economy Component

by Aidan Arasasingham , Emily Benson , Matthew P. Goodman , and William Alan Reinsch

January 26, 2023

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The Indo-Pacific region’s digital economy is rapidly evolving. Unless the Biden administration offers a compelling vision for the future of the digital economy in its Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) that addresses varied U.S. business, labor, and congressional interests, alternative models crafted by Beijing and Brussels stand to become the regional defaults. Based on conversations with representatives of nearly three dozen domestic stakeholders, this brief summarizes domestic perspectives on digital trade in IPEF. The U.S. government can enhance its chances of securing domestic buy-in for IPEF’s digital agreement by

passing comprehensive federal digital privacy legislation while also negotiating an IPEF digital component;

fostering democratic values in the digital economy, such as human rights, internet access, and democratic governance;

aiming for free data flows in line with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) and U.S.-Japan Digital Trade Agreement (USJDTA) while balancing domestic concerns;

updating digital trade language and enhancing regional cooperation on emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and algorithm-based workplace management software;

promoting digital upskilling, infrastructure, and inclusion at home and abroad through parallel investments in regional and U.S. workers and communities; and

seeking further input from business and labor, as well as congressional approval, to deepen consultation with and secure further buy-in from domestic stakeholders.

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Pathways to Implementing Comprehensive and Collaborative JADC2

September 27, 2022

The implementation strategy for Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2) lays out the pathway for future Joint Force networked command and control (C2). This complex planning effort offers an overarching framework to connect service efforts and to ensure that the United States can work effectively with its allies and partners. Centralized JADC2 guidance will be most useful to beat the drum for acquisition innovation, to drive interoperability among service programs and manage the seams between joint and service capabilities, to develop a management approach to ensure synchronization between existing and new elements as they are added in the future, to develop an experimentation agenda to reveal data sharing challenges to focus improvement efforts, and to serve as an entry point to C2 issues for partners and allies and to address issues of international data sharing. Along with these tasks, the JADC2 Cross Functional Team—or whatever ultimate central management function is instantiated—needs to focus on developing a common understanding and managing the architecture of the innovation ecosystem to achieve the Joint Force C2 vision.