The Irony of the Iron Dome:

Intelligent Defense Systems, Law, and Security

Daphné Richemond-Barak*∗ Ayal Feinberg

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Table of Contents

Introduction ........................................................................................................472

I. IHL in a Bind: Incentivize or Disincentivize IDSs? ....................................475

A. The Primarily Causative Nature of IHL ..................................................476

B. The Asymmetric Escalation Paradox .......................................................482

II. Conceptualizing Intelligent Defense Systems under IHL .........................489

A. Why Incentivize? ......................................................................................489

B. Autonomous System ................................................................................493

C. System or Weapon? ..................................................................................497

D. Civilian v. Military Objective ..................................................................503

E. IDSs as Civil Defense: A Remnant of the Past or the Way of

the Future? ...............................................................................................508

1. The Concept of Civil Defense Under IHL .......................................508

2. Civil Defense and IDSs ....................................................................512

Conclusion ..........................................................................................................517

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