Made in China 2025: Global Ambitions Built on Local Protections
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Message from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce ........................................................ 3
Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 6
I. Overview of Made in China 2025 ............................................................................ 9
A. Background .......................................................................................................... 10
B. Key Objectives ..................................................................................................... 13
C. Interface with 13th Five-Year Plan and Other Development Strategies ........... 15
II. Achieving MIC 2025 Goals ................................................................................... 17
A. Financial Policies, Funds, and Subsidies .......................................................... 17
1. Overseas Investment ............................................................................... 22
2. SOE Consolidation .................................................................................. 24
B. Protecting MIC 2025 Sectors From Foreign Competition ............................... 26
1. Market Access .......................................................................................... 26
2. Licensing .................................................................................................. 27
3. Laws, Regulations, and Standards ......................................................... 29
4. National and Cyber Security Reviews .................................................... 35
5. Procurement and Bidding ...................................................................... 37
III. Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 40
IV. Appendix 1: MIC 2025-related Policies (non-exhaustive list) ............................. 42
A. General MIC 2025 Policies ................................................................................ 42
B. New Generation Information Technology ........................................................ 44
C. Automated Machine Tools and Robotics .......................................................... 47
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D. Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices ................................................................ 52
E. New Energy Vehicles .......................................................................................... 56
F. Overlapping Plans ............................................................................................... 57
V. Appendix 2: China MIC 2025-related Funds ...................................................... 63
A. Funds Targeting MIC 2025 Industries .............................................................. 63
VI. Appendix 3: Chamber Analysis of China’s MIC 2025 Technical Area Road Map ..... 65
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文档评论
首先由德国智库挑起，然后是欧盟商会，接着是美国商会，纷纷发布针对《中国制造2025》的评价报告，总的基调是一个，那就是中国制造2025影响了市场力量的发挥。
从德国工业4.0（包括SCI 4.0，LNI 4.0等）到美国NNMI（Manufacturing USA），哪一个是市场力量的体现呢？因为只要是产业政策，就已经是干涉市场了，只是德国、欧盟以及美国等资本主义强国擅长设计支持或补贴的模式，而中国机构还欠缺精心设计支持产业的模式，例如，多给企业减税，远远比补贴支持覆盖面大……但是，财政部不一定愿意了。
中国制造2025在相当长一段时间会是全球关注焦点。
现在，美国挑起了贸易竞争，而且直接针对“中国制造2025"，这是一个较为突出的历史事件。
值得再次阅读这份报告。